c.1925 Clef Club Fancy-as-heck Banjo Mandolin




This is a "Clef Club" brand banjo-mandolin, made in Philadelphia, PA by "McGinnis Shaw" -- who has his own bizarro take on the Washburn-style "belt" logo. Clef Club instruments are darn rare and sport a design process borrowed both from Vega and Weymann in terms of how they're built and Lange in terms of the archtop tonering design.

This one has a full 11" rim, long 14 1/2" scale length, and pearl inlay up the wazoo.

Unfortunately, and annoyingly, the heel split in transit to me, but not entirely all the way through. I saturated the light hairline break with glue and clamped it up and it seems to be stable enough, now. Sigh!


The headstock is too cool! A grumpy man-in the moon and a starfield all in pearl and a faux-cutout in the headstock's top outlined in pearl edging that goes alllll the way around. The backing is a faux-tortoise bit of celluloid, too, which I had to glue back down towards the nut.

Bone nut appears to be original.


Oodles of pearl on this ebony board, which is bound as well. I had to level and dress the frets, too. The neck has a slight backbow but plays fine with action at 1/16" at the 12th.


Pretty intense.


This fun curved-off extension seems to be typical of these Clef Club banjos.


The original bridge is like an oversized, curious rendition in rosewood of a Grover "non-tip" bridge. The little cross-foot was damaged but I cobbled it back together by building up the broken area with a bit of superglue and sandings of rosewood.


I cleaned up the hardware, as well, to fit in with the bright pearl after cleaning. I also replaced the original skin head (which was actually in good shape) with a new Remo Renaissance one. I like synthetics on banjo-mandos when I can install them (sometimes rim sizes are too small for them) because synthetics tend to be a lot more stable and it makes it easier to keep a banjo-mando in tune.


Because of the extra-long scale length (14 1/2") I've got this tuned down to "E" as the lowest note, a step and a half below standard pitch. I have 32w-9 strings on it right now, but with one of those really light GHS banjo-mando sets (28w-8) I think standard pitch would be just fine. I want to take it easy on the heel, though, and the lowered pitch gives this a nice "blues" range. Don't you hate it when a guitar player sits around playing in E all night when mandos favor G, C, D, and A so much more?

The big rim (11") also favors the lower pitch. I'm pretty tempted to reduce the tuning once more with a slightly heavier set of strings to DAEB, which I find even more useful, being just a step above mandola but favoring keys our local jam group tends to play in.


Of course it has a fancy tailpiece cover!



Under all that fancy headstock pearl is a big slab of rosewood veneer. Nice!



This hardware is sooooo "Vega" to me. The rim itself is a 5-ply bit of mahogany with rosewood veneer on its outer and inner edges. The pinstriping and binding is ivoroid celluloid.



Engraved tuner plate, too...!


Cool rounded heel cap. Also check out that fancy "footwork" on the back of the rim!


See how the dowel is out of line with center?

The whole instrument was "oversprayed" at one point with an extra layer of finish, but aside from that it looks like a previous owner recut the bass side of the heel slightly so that when tightened to the pot the neck was off-center and the dowel, too. Either that or the dowel just warped to one side in heat at some point in time.

So, I redrilled a new hole in the dowel's end and installed it off-center with some shimming at the heel's side to give a good tight fit and keep the neck-line more or less on center. I had to adjust the tailpiece slightly "treble" to get a good line-up, though.


The tonering in this is very "Lange" in that it has a metal jacket that fits over the top of the rim forming an outside lip-tonering and then soldered to it on the inner bit of the rim is a big, heavy, nickel-plated hoop forming the archtop (inner) ring. This gives a good, crisp, but also balanced tone without shrill highs.



Good Vega-style neck brace.



It's a looker from all angles!


When I moved the tailpiece over slightly I also added a strap button to the hanger. I don't like to put straps on hooks if I can help it.


Right, and original hard case, too!

Ok, enough of that beauty! Tomorrow you'll all get a good taste of that pretty Martin mando from the last post and perhaps a few other good'ns!

Comments

Anonymous said…
Jake

I believe I read somewhere that mando bluesman Yank Rachell used to keep his mando tuned to E as well.

Ben
Yup, keeps it simple to play with the geetars. :D
I betcha Weymann made this man-jo. I have a late 10's/early 20's Weymann on my bench right now and I could swear the hooks, nuts, and shoes, and ESPECIALLY the decorative crowned head hex bolts appear to be exactly like that early20's Weymann. I have read Weymann did a lot of "jobbing" / "contract manufacturing" throughout their comkpany's existence, so perhaps this fancy-schmancy man-jo was Weymann made?

Great website by the way, I have quietly enjoyed following your work for many years. Cheers from the Rocky Mountain state!

dutch
Antique Music Sales & Repair
Blackbanjo tony said…
The Clef Club was an organization initially headed by arranger, band leader and composer James Reese Europe that thrived in New York City and other cities like Philiadelphia between about 1910 and 1914 although it remained in existence into the 1920s and 30s in New York and Philiadelphia and other East Coast cities. It is often confused with James Reese Europe's various bands most famously his Society Orchestra. The Clef Club was a combination fraternal organization, booking agency, union, and civic organization for African American musicians. It demanded respectful conditions--in these times Black musicians might be asked to wait or bus tables when not playing at a party--and promised to send musicians or bands with proper dress or decorum to entertain the ruling rich of America. It sent out Clef Club endorsed bands to posh restaurants and cafees, to private parties and "resorts" in NYC, Palm Beach, and other hangouts of top NYC society. Europe himself split from the club in 1914 and set up his own counterpart called the Tempo Club. Each year from 1912 to 1914, the Clef Club had two big concerts that were benefits for formal musical education for Black youth in New York. Europe gathered 100 to 150 musicians for these concerts that combined ragtime, popular music, and formal "classical" compositions by Black composers conducted by Europe or his collaborator the composer Will Marion Cook.
Blackbanjo tony said…
One feature of the Clef Club's era of Black New York musicians was the popularity of banjo-mandolin, banjolins, melody banjos, and several other no longer extant banjos descended from the mandolin. Prejudice of the day implied that stringed instruments were appropriate instruments for Black performers and horns were not, and violins were borderline either in posh cafes or playing in the homes of the wealthy like the Vanderbilts who were patrons of Clef Club musicians. Mandolin descended banjos were deemed appropriate and a good transition for formally trained musicians who played horns or the piano. Europe wrote that, tuned in fifths like a cello or violin, they could be arranged like the first and second violins were arranged in formal scores. His concert orchestras contained sections with 20 mandolins, and 20 banjos, most of them various forms of mandolin banjos. Many musicians who also played horns or were singer played such banjos. Probably the most famous was the Great Noble Sissle who joined Europe's Society band around 1916. Sissle who was more of what would be called a "hunk" as a good looking smooth looking singer and front man, confessed he was more of a mandolin banjo holder than a player.
Blackbanjo tony said…
The term banjolin is the orriginal name that Farris of Hartford CT used for what we now describe as Mandolin banjos, a banjo with a banjo head but neck and 4 paired courses of strings tuned like a mandolin. However, musicians I am researching, generally the great number of Clef Clubbers and other NY Black musicians who went to England and then France during WWI, generally reserve the term banjolin for an instrument with a shorter scale, and only four strings, rather than the banjo-mandolin described here. My research of Black newspapers from the period suggests that there was a rise in entertainers playing banjo mandolins in Black show business across the US starting around 1912 but petering out by WWI. A number of instruments like this both mando-banjos and guitar banjos marked Clef Club were made. While there was one manufacturer in Harlem who made a type of mando banjo no longer extent, most instruments like this one were probably made by NY instrument makers and then stamped with Clef Club afterwards. anyone with information about these instruments of the Clef Club, particularly banjoist Vance Lowry, should write me tony thomas, not at gmail but blackbanjotony@hotmail.com
Blackbanjo tony said…
My friend tenor banjo and mandolin historian John Hoft of Georgia discovered a clipping from the New York Age that puts MCGinnis Shaw on Lenox Avenue in Harlem and firmly identifies the firm as an African American firm located on Lenox Avenue in Harlem in 1915. In fact the article identifies McGinnis Shaw as the only African American firm of its type.

Now it is quite possible that at some other time McGinnis Shaw moved to Philiadelphia. In New York the Clef Club suffered a major, if friendly split in 1914 with Europe leaving to set up his own Tempo Club. Kildare who was the main force in the continued Clef Club went to England in 1915 or 16, and a whole bevy of the major figures in the NY Clef and Tempo Clubs went to England and Europe during WWI to fill the void of drafted English musicians and because banjo bands were still the rage in the UK.

However, in Philiadelphia, the Clef Club continued to function and was in existence down to the 1970s or 80s possibly later purely as a social organization favored by older Black musicians. It is quite possible McGinnis might have moved his business to Philiadelphia at some point. Anyone with any information on this topic should write me at black banjo tony at hot mail dot com as one email address I am doing a presentation involving this at the banjo collectors gathering in early November
Jim Garber said…
Great info, Tony. I was honored to play in the mandolin section in a recreation of a 1912 Clef Club concert that was presented in Carnegie Hall in 1989. NY Time Article here: https://tinyurl.com/yyufez5z